Bill
Lambrecht, Washington correspondent for the St.Louis Post-Dispatch,
writes in Dinner At The New Gene Cafe about his worldwide experiences with
genetically modified organisms (GMOs). His journey and many related events
started in 1986 when he first encountered a U.S. Department of Agriculture
experiment engineering human genes into pigs. By the mid-1990s genetic engineers
were harnessing the power of Cry9C, a crystalline protein, or endotoxin, from the
Bacillus thuringiensis. This Bt bacterium, isolated from a naturally occurring soil
organism, was being spliced into corn, potatoes, and cotton.
Lambrecht follows the travails of the Monsanto Company, headquartered
in St. Louis, Missouri, when it begins to apply gene-slicing techniques in experiments
on plants. According to the author, the company intended to modify the DNA in products
like soybeans, corn, cotton, and other food commodities in order to increase resistance
to scavenger pests (e.g., corn borers, boll weevils), weeds, and chemicals like their popular herbicide, Roundup, thus, increasing the expected yield and efficiency of new GMO
seeds with more markets, trade, and profits to follow. He reports on many of Monsanto's struggles and the politicization of the new technology, promising products and applications
(e.g., golden rice) though-out the '90s.
Later, the author details how biotech companies rush to buy up seed companies
in order to expand, exploit, and control more of the total production and sale of patented
GMO seeds modified to be sterile: that is, seeds that cannot be legally planted or saved
successfully beyond a stipulated planting/harvesting season. Monsanto's "technology
protection system," called, "The Terminator," by Pat Mooney, co-founder of Rural
Advancement Foundation International (RAFI), spreads a rapacious view of this news
story globally. Apparently this ill-advised development, and other Monsanto-initiated proposals/ads, polarized national, international, scientific, agricultural, and cultural positions
and invigorated interest groups willing to fight over perceived needs for governmental
regulation of GMOs, food/environmental safety, food labeling, trade relations, "cautionary principles," and multi-national corporate interests globally.
In Dinner At The New Gene Cafe, Monsanto becomes a symbol of biotechnology
and science trying to win acceptance from diverse consumers, governments, environmentalists, farmers, organic food growers, native cultures, and emergent forces arguing for freedom of choice, safety, and independence from exported food technology, monopolistic U.S. corporate arrogance, greed, power, patents, and expanded global influence. Early on the
author acquires surreptitiously a small quantity of genetically modified soybeans. He plants
them in a vegetable garden in two rows next to a few rows of conventional beans. He reports periodically on their viability as we tread in parallel fashion down new pathways for dialogue (e.g., the internet), assessment, and collective decision making on issues now focused on free trade, GMO modified foods, food ingredients, safety, and the future of modified food crops
and resistant seeds undergoing trial plantings and sabotage.
This book is recommended for any one who seriously considers what they eat. The
views presented are helpful not so much for conclusions reached, but more for engaging us
in a dialogue about the values, role, power, and meaning of foods and the place of food
sciences in societies and cultures of the world. What do we want and need to know about
food today and in the future? What personal, societal, and global life chances and consequences are we willing to take with food and with what attendant risks to inhabitants, life forms, and environments everywhere on and in the planet?